le thème de la mort dans la chanson kabyle
Tamsalt n lmut di temdyazt n teqbaylit
“S kra n win yedran tḍefrit lmut. Maɛna xas ma yeẓra s wanect‑a amdan yezga yettar‑tt defir n tidmi‑s! Taɣzint‑is tezga terregel ɣef tidet‑is. Yeneɛmel amzun ur telli acu id‑at yeǧǧan werǧin yebgis akken ad iheggi iman‑is akken ad tt‑iqabel. Amdan yesmenyaf zerb n tatut ɣef tilawt yellan. S wakka nettaf Amdan ur yessin ara amek ara yemmet yernu asmi ara d teḥḍer lmut‑is werǧin yeẓra s yman‑is belli yemmut”. Akka i d‑yesfra Milan Kundera deg adlis‑is “ taḍsa d yimeṭṭi” tadyant yeqnen amdan ɣer tmattent.
Lmut inumak‑is gten. Tella lmut n kra n wayen yedren am wakken diɣ tella diɣ lmut n kra n wayen yellan. Kra n win i d ‑illulen ɣer ddunit yiwwas a d‑iḥaz yiccer n lmut . si tama nniḍen kra nw ayen yellan ula d netta ifennu. Itran deg yigenni xettin, iẓra deg akal tteftutusen, idurar ttemcenqaren kennun, isafen ttɣaren, ludyat ttmmeččan‑t dew tiyta n waan , kra yellan nig tmurt yetbeddil udem , yettḥaza‑t rmim akken ad yeslal ɣef rbu ines ayen nniḍen. Akken ula d‑amdan, yettalled d aleqaq, yettimɣur, asmi ara yewweḍ ɣer yiwen yiswir ad yinnig ɣer wanda ur yessin yiwen wa‑ad yekeccem ɣer wakal i‑t‑id yeskren , akken ula d netta ad yesker imɣan ad yeskren tuddert tayeḍnin ama deg yimɣan naɣ deg yiɣersiwen. Ur yelli i d‑yettnulfun, kulci yettlal‑d u yettbeddil udem!
Di tilawt amdan yeẓra usan‑is ttweḥesben seg asen deg id as gezemn timiṭ, yeẓra belli lmut‑ is tettxatel deg‑s seg asen deg i d‑illul. Xas tikwal i tettu‑tt maɛeni werǧin i tɣab maḍi di dehen‑is. Yeqqar umusnaw: “ tugdi n lmut d yiwet n tmusni werǧin neksib,acku yiwen ur d‑tt‑yessin deg tuddert‑is, yiwen ur yezmir ad yinni ma wer telli d ayen yelhan i umdan naɣ ala, acimi ihi i ttettkukrun yemdanen amzun d lhem yugaren yakk lehmum?” . Deg abrid n wenct‑a yuɣwas Yidir:
Mi sliɣ s tizya‑w temut
Ugadeɣ ula d nekini!
Am yimedyazen n dunnit meṛa , imesfruyen n teqbaylit ccnan ɣef lmut, a beɛda deg issagassen n tmayin. Ayen asentel‑agi? Amek i d‑udem id‑as fkan? D acu i d‑iḥulfen i yefren dew aya‑gi? Neẓra yakk belli lmut tezmer ad teṣṣfeḍ imal n umadan, mačă d awezɣi ad temḥu ideli‑ines! Smax is ur yemir i tira umezrug n yal ales na yal agdud. Acu kkan mi ara nḥeker s tmuɣli aɣ‑ id yettban belli nnig tamettent n yixef tella temttant yugaren tiyaḍ. Tagi d lmut akked d ugrireb n tɣermiwin. Am tuddert n wemdan teɣerma tettlaled, tettnerni. Asmi ara tewweḍ ɣer lḥedd‑is a d6tebdu ad tteftutus alama thud maḍi wa ad tegri ala d later ur nezmir i kra.
Imedyazen n leqbayel mebɣir cekk ḥulfen i lmut i d yeɛnan timetti deg ttidiren. Igejda akked d isulas yettḥuddun zik‑ nni axxam n taqbaylit yenquqel lsas‑is, alarmi yuɣal useklu i tt‑iɛebban d‑ tedla zdat n tuccar n lawan. S lebɣi neɣ mebɣir lebɣi yuɣal wawal deg imawen‑sen yenned i tamsalet n lmut. Lunis Ait Menguellet yesbededd lmut zdat n wallen:
Ay irfiqen‑iw di tlata
A wid i d‑yezzin fell‑i
Lmut wellaɣ‑tt atten da
Walleɣ‑tt la di tettwali
Ilaq tebɣest akken amdan ad yeɛqel lewcayer n lmut. Win ifaqqen yettissin amek ara yesmnaɛ ayen yesen azal gar wallen‑is i tuẹɣmast n tin ur nɛateq. Lmut di tagnatin yecban tigi teḥwaj aqazzem. Akkin d akusser yettkemmil Lunis deg awal, yesenɛeat t‑id umu tezmer lmut:
Tecfid leḥyud mi bedden
Ttaqsamen‑d i tafat
Mi yeɣlin teḥdar‑asen
Ǧǧen‑d abrid tewelaṭ
Naɣ
Tecfiḍ i winn‑a ikerzen
Lexla‑s s tidi‑s yefsat
D akkal i t‑id yeskren
I d‑yezzin fell‑as yečcat
Lxuf uffir yezdeɣ ixfawen n kra n win yesɛan ul‑is d aḥnin. Tikwal yettawi‑t ɣer unadi ɣef uɛwin n ṣṣber am wakken id‑ as yenna Matoub Lounes:
Anda‑t uxxam‑ik a ṣsber
Ttxilek ɛerḍi‑yi‑d yiwwas
Maɛna mi i‑izad uɣilif, ticki ṣsber fnan iafden‑is , i wumi tuddert ? acu i d‑azal n ukamel deg umecwer ma din kra yellan ibegs‑d ɣer nnger n wayen sbedden leqrun? Deg akken ur yelli ubrid izemren ad yekk nnig lmeḥtum, ur yelli win ara yecefɛen si lmut nnig lmut s timad‑is? Isuɣ Matoub:
A tamṭel‑im
Ttxilem rnu‑yin
Ggi‑yi tardest ɣer tam‑as
Laxert ad ttneneɣ di ssin
Wid iḥulfen i tadyant d wwin leqrun, ẓran ur yelli dwa deg umani. Ur llin‑t tifrat deg udari . amenuɣ akken tillin ad tuɣal d‑anṣib i ugdud, yewwid ad yilli s tulya n wallen ɣef tixidas id yettheggin iman‑sent deg ixef n lawan . Anwi i d‑abrid? Sani ara yawwi ubrid? Lejwab xas ma yejla, axeraq netta ḥedd ur tyezgil . zadt n uzzu n tasa tettẹ́imid tuzma . Yenna Matoub :
Yemma‑k ur teṣbir fell‑ak
Mazal ur tumin ara
Ma d nekk ul‑iw
Xas akken teɣza ccama
Bab‑ak yettgalen yis‑k
S cedda ibeddel ṣṣifa
Lmut di tikli‑s teǧǧă‑d lhwel. Riḥa‑s tekseb lejqayaq n tzeɣwa. Nnig yemdanen yettuɛaleq ssif yeggunin imegraḍ. Amzun yeɣlid igenni ɣer lqaɛ kra yellan yenqedwa. Tetti tuddert tenneḍ am yir amrar ɣef yiri. Zdat tasa tuzza tyita lmut urd clig , urif ifetel tagrawla deg ulawen : Yenna Yidir :
Ay yemmuten d izumal
Mazal u mazal
D tirni i ttemseḍfaren
Wa d lmektub naɣ d lmijal
Yella deg wawal
Ayen iruɛhen ur d yettuɣal
Nedfen lejruḥ. Tesḥen tassa tuɣal tewwa. Ziɣ ur yezmir lebɣi i wayen i t‑yugaren . Yeqqim‑d usefru amer ad yesehlu kra:
Mi i‑iwalla(bab‑as) tizya‑k yettru
Ttizya‑k i yuɣal tura
Ul‑is yebɣa ad yesefru
ɣef yiṭij terna cetwa
Aɣebar yezwit waḍu, kra n win iḥedern yezzid s wallen id yettrun idim. Yensa lefnar n tuddert, yenquqel lsas n tɣerma. Zrin wussan tanumi stesnum i yemdanen reḥba n yilem. Mačă deg yixef n wa naɣ n wihin yura lqerḥ ur nettwkes imi ayen ila iderun yugar amdan, yugar lebɣi yellan d lebɣi. Tagnitt teɛajal zdat times yuɣen deg ifawden n medden, yiwen ubrid uwulem: xas teɣba tɣawsa, ilaq isem‑is ad yegri; yenna yidir:
Lukan d lɛebd id‑at yenɣan
Nekk yid‑s a nemseglu
Imi d lmut aya‑gi
A nerfed isemɣis xur ma nrru
Tikwal yewwid i umdan ad yedduqes. Asemid xas ma qerrih yessekay ɣef twuɣa yellan . Ticki ferzenɣt wallen , akken ibɣu uḍul ubrid.akken ibɣu yessa d isananen, akukru yettuɣal ɣer rrif acku lebɣi yetmudu afud i nmara. Lunis Ait Menguellet yenna :
Tiɣilt i‑ikfan fellaɣ
Ad tettban mzal tayed
Lweqt yettɛeddi iɛerqeɣ
Id‑aɣ d yecqan da ṣṣiweḍ
Laɛqel ma yebda yettfeɣ
Xas ma yettnuz a t‑id nnaɣ
Ad tenernu qqbel aɣ yennaɣ
Iḍul s anga ara nruḥ;
Ait Slimane Hamid